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General
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This example program shows the various combinations that are possible and how to detect them:

#include "Particle.h"

SerialLogHandler logHandler;

SYSTEM_THREAD(ENABLED);

const unsigned long CHECK_INTERVAL = 5000;
unsigned long lastCheck = 0;

void setup() {
	Serial.begin();
}

void loop() {
	if (millis() - lastCheck >= CHECK_INTERVAL) {
		lastCheck = millis();

#if Wiring_Ethernet
		Log.info("this device could have Ethernet (is 3rd generation)");

		if (System.featureEnabled(FEATURE_ETHERNET_DETECTION)) {
			Log.info("FEATURE_ETHERNET_DETECTION enabled");

			if (Ethernet.ready()) {
				Log.info("Ethernet ready (has link and IP address %s)", Ethernet.localIP().toString().c_str());
			}
			else {
				uint8_t mac[6];
				if (Ethernet.macAddress(mac) != 0) {
					Log.info("Ethernet present but not ready");
				}
				else {
					// the macAddress function returns 0 if there is no Ethernet adapter present
					Log.info("Ethernet detection enabled, but no Ethernet present");
				}
			}
		}
		else {
			Log.info("FEATURE_ETHERNET_DETECTION not enabled, so Ethernet will not be used (even if present)");
		}
#else
		Log.info("no Ethernet (1st or 2nd generation device)");
#endif
	}
}
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