Argon is not connecting to Cloud (never did)

Thanks. This is what I see (I have discarded the parts that IMHO less important):
0000010339 [system] INFO: Cloud socket connected
0000010340 [system] INFO: Starting handshake: presense_announce=0
0000010342 [comm.protocol.handshake] INFO: Establish secure connection
0000010546 [ncp.at] TRACE: > AT+MVER
0000010581 [ncp.at] TRACE: < 5
0000010581 [ncp.at] TRACE: < OK
0000010584 [comm.dtls] INFO: (CMPL,RENEG,NO_SESS,ERR) restoreStatus=2
0000055589 [comm.dtls] ERROR: handshake failed -6800
0000055591 [comm.protocol.handshake] ERROR: handshake failed with code 17
0000055592 [system] WARN: Cloud handshake failed, code=17
0000055843 [system] INFO: Cloud: disconnecting
0000055844 [system] INFO: Cloud: disconnected

I have searched the forums for “code 17 error” and found this forum entry. I have made an attempt to downgrade to deviceOS 1.2.1 but I just got red blinking LED “SOS 10”. Then I switched to deviceOS 1.3.1, that is showing the same signs as 1.4.4 (very same code 17 error on the serial terminal after using your debug code). Then I have again “doctored” the keys and synched to the server, but the result is still the same.

Also on the question of alternative Wifi networks:
Tried two local 2.4GHz networks with WPA authentication, but very ordinary letters+numbers key. Also tried to initiate a hotspot from my iphone, result did not change.
I have no idea how to erase the credentials from the device, I presumed that it is just storing the last one?