Argon Read ADC Analog Pins Simultaneously

I would like to read the Argon's ADC pins A0 and A1 at a 1000 Hz sample rate using timer and interrupt to then be outputted to the serial port.

In order to sample at that rate you'll need to use DMA mode of the nRF52850 MCU. You can use this library.

See the 2 channel example for how to read from two ADC at the same time.