There are some threads in this forum that already deal with App Inventor questions
e.g.
Although this is calling a Particle.function() rather than getting a Particle.variable(), but the principle is the same.
The difference is that you need a GET request (not POST as for functions) and catch the response (which really should be done with the function call too).
The documentation of the respective request can be found here
https://docs.particle.io/reference/device-cloud/api/#get-a-variable-value
The response will be in JSON format and can be parsed as shown here
http://ai2.appinventor.mit.edu/reference/other/json-web-apis.html