I’m having the same trouble. I updated to the latest CLI version, and now nothing works. I upgraded both Node (6.10.2) and npm (4.5.0) to their latest versions, then re-installed the CLI. Still not working (Mac OS 10.12.4). I also updated (or tried to) serialport, but I get that I still have 14, and node wants 48.
After Edit:
I ran the command, sudo npm install -g node-pre-gyp serialport particle-cli and that seems to have fixed it (I saw that suggestion in this post).